 Dale A. Schoeller, Ph.D.
2005 Atwater Award, United States Department of Agriculture- Agricultural Research Service.
Emphasis Groups:
Biochemical & Molecular Nutrition
Human Nutrition
Principal Research Interest:
Energy metabolism and human obesity, body composition, and stable isotope techniques for macronutrient metabolism.
Research Summary:
Our research is focused on human obesity. We are investigating
multiple aspects of the energy balance equation including body composition
changes, interventions to change total energy expenditure using doubly
labeled water, interventions that create small perturbations in energy
and fat balance using a room calorimeter, dietary intake of sugar
and several other foods using novel stable isotope methods, and the
accuracy and precision of novel monitors for measurement of physical
activity and dietary intake.
Our previous work has demonstrated that human obesity is not the simple result
of low energy expenditure, but rather a complex interaction that results
in a failure of the body to compensate for short periods of positive
energy balance which accumulate over years and result in excessive weight
gain. As a result of these findings, we have initiated a study of how
moderate exercise may help enhance the acute hormonal response of the
hunger and satiety system leading to better dietary compensation following
brief periods of overeating.
We have also begun to key on dietary intake, particularly with respect to the
influence of high intakes of caloric sweeteners. In the US, caloric sweeteners
are largely sugar and high fructose corn syrup. These two simple carbohydrates
have an unusually high 13C natural abundance and we initiated several
studies that use isotope ratio mass spectrometry to measure isotopic
differences at the natural abundance level for the purpose of assessing
dietary intake of caloric sweeteners and other foods.
Finally, we joined forces with a group of collaborating investigators here at
the University of Wisconsin who are concentrating research efforts on
the prevention of pediatric obesity and diabetes. Efforts include community
and school based interventions, dietary interventions, built environment
assessments, as well as more basic studies. It is our hope that our combined
efforts will help reverse the pediatric obesity trends in Wisconsin.
Representative Publications
Schoeller DA. The energy balance equation: looking back and looking forward are
two very different views. Nutrition Rev. 2009; 67(5):249-54.
Cooper JA, Watras AC, Adams AK, Schoeller DA. Effects of dietary fatty acid composition
on 24-hour energy expenditure and chronic disease risk factors in men.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2009; 89:1350-6.
Dugas LR, Ebersole K, Schoeller D, Yanovski JA, Barquera, Rivera J, Durazo-Arzivu
R, Luke A. Very low levels of physical activity among pre-adolescent
Mexican-American girls. Int J Ped Obesity. 2008; 3:123-6.
Heymsfield SB, Harp JB, Reitman ML, Beetsch JW, Schoeller DA, Erondu N, Pietrobelli
A. Why do obese patients not lose more weight when treated with low-calorie
diets? A mechanistic perspective. Am J Clin Nutr. 2007;85:346-54.
Hansen KC, Zhang Z, Gomez T, Adams AK, Schoeller DA.R. Exercise increases the
proportion of fat utilization during short-term consumption of a high-fat
diet. Am J Clin Nutr. 2007; 85:109-16.
Blanc S, Schoeller DA, Bauer D, Danielson ME, Tylavsky F, Simonsick EM, Harris
TB, Kritchevsky SB, Everhart JE. Energy requirements in the eighth decade
of life. Am J Clin Nutr. 2004; 79:303-10. [Abstract]
Subar AF, Kipnis V, Troiano RP, Midthune D, Schoeller DA, Bingham S, Sharbaugh
CO, Trabulsi J, Runswick S, Ballard-Barbash R, Sunshine J, Schatzkin
A. Using intake biomarkers to evaluate the extent of dietary misreporting
in a large sample of adults: the OPEN study. Am J Epidemiol. 2003;158:1-13. [Abstract]
Votruba, S.B., Blanc, S., Schoeller, D.A. Pattern and cost of weight gain in previously obese women. Am. J. Physiol. 282:E923-E930,
2002 [Abstract]
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